Both blood CO2 levels and blood O2 levels. Regulation of blood pHE. Tidal VolumeThe is composed of the alveolar wall and the walls of surrounding capillaries. 8 mL/dL
21 mL/dL
Cannot be calculated from the information provided
Shift the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve to the right
Decrease P50
Decrease the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen
Decrease the oxygen capacity of the blood
Do all of the above
Ascent to an altitude of 3500 m
Polycythemia
Breathing 50% oxygen
Anemia
Development of a large right-to-left shunt
An increase in pH
An increase in PCO2
Increase in 2,3 DPG
An increase in temperature
HCO3- produced in plasma
CO2 dissolved in plasma
HCO3- produced in erythrocyte
CO2 dissolved in the erythrocyte
CO2 combined with plasma proteins
Oxygen combines with the -NH groups on hemoglobin and displaces CO2 from carbamino compounds
Oxygen combines with HCO3- and produces CO2
Oxygen facilitates the movement of chloride ions out of the erythrocyte
Oxygen combines with hemoglobin, making it a better buffer, which retains H+
None of the above
Ventral respiratory group of medullary neurons
Apneustic center
Pons
Rapidly adapting pulmonary stretch receptors
None of the aboveWait!Here’s an interesting quiz for you.
Pleural fluidC. Functional Residual CapacityD. Respiratory MembraneB. Delivery of oxygen to the tissues of the bodyD. Vital CapacityTo increase CO2 levels in the blood, a person shouldA. Voice productionB.
Relaxes; increase, decreaseC. Take deeper and longer breathsD. MucosaD. Hyaline cartilage has primary function?
protect the thyroid
increase the surface area
connect the conchae
support the trachea
6. Vital CapacityC.
All of the choices are correctC. Inspiratory CapacityB. 3; 2D. Relaxes; decrease; increaseD. Oxygen from the air enters the blood stream at what location?
cardiac notch
pulmonary vein
alveoli
paranasal sinuses
5. On the image, what is the pleural cavity?
letter C
letter AD
letter DE
letter BD
9.
published here faster than normalB.
. medulla oblongataB. PleuraOxygen enters the blood at the lungs becauseA.
The partial pressure of oxygen is higher in the blood than in the alveoli. When the diaphragm contracts (is pulled downward), _______ occurs. Contracts; increase; decreaseC. Residual VolumeD. 2; 3The basic rhythm of breathing is controlled by neurons in the ________. 5Lmin
VE=30 L/min you can look here L/min
VE=60 L/min VA=30 L/min
VE=2.
Vital CapacityC. A. Relaxes; decrease, increaseB. What divides the left and right side of the nasal cavity?
septum
conchae
pharynx
sinus
Score =
Correct answers:
.
Functional Residual CapacityD. lungsC. blood glucose levelsC. 3; 4B. The amount of air that a person can inspire maximally after a normal expirationA.
Functional Residual CapacityD. Total Lung Capacity___ is a substance secreted by cells of the alveoli that reduces surface tension of the fluid around the alveoli, preventing collapse of the alveoli. cerebrumD. 25 L/min
VE=5 L/min VA=2. Oxygen is attracted to the negative charges of plasma proteins. 6 mL/dL
9.
heartThe amount of air that can be expired forcefully beyond the resting tidal volumeA. 1; 3C. The partial pressure of oxygen is lower in the blood than in the alveoli. SurfactantThe left lung has ___ lobes, and the right lung has ___ lobes. Low blood pressure does not oppose oxygen movement.
Inspiratory CapacityD. B. 1. Contracts; decrease; increaseThe sum of all lung volumesA. Which of the following is a function of the respiratory system?
gas exchange
absorption of nutrients
transport of oxygen
structural support
2. All content on this website is for informational and educational purposes only.
Tidal VolumeC. The trachea leads to the:
bronchioles
bronchii
esophagus
pulmonary vessel
3. 5 L/min
Diaphragm contracts, pleural pressure increases, alveolar pressure decreases
Diaphragm relaxes, external intercostals contract, pleural pressure Click This Link relaxes, pleural pressure decreases, internal intercostals relax
External and internal intercostals contract, pleural and alveolar pressure increase
Diaphragm and external intercostals contract, pleural and alveolar pressures decrease
Has the units of pressure per volume (cm H20/L)
Is greater at functional residual capacity than at total lung capacity
Is less when the lung is inflated with saline that when the lung is inflated with air
Is greater in small mammals than in large mammals, even when adjusted for differences in lung size
Is the only determinant of the change in pleural pressure during breathing
Can be deficient in premature newborns
Is produced in type II alveolar cells
Is in part composed of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine
Decreases surface tension of the fluid lining the alveoli
All of the above
Intravenous administration of B2-adrenergic agonist
Contraction of the abductor muscles of the larynx
A decrease in lung volume from FRC to residual volume
Inhibition of the release of histamine from mast cells
Regional variations in lung inflation
Regional variations in airway resistance
Regional variations in lung compliance
Collateral ventilation
All of the above
270 mmHg
620 mmHg
275 mmHg
195 mmHg
670 mmHg
Pulmonary vascular resistance decreases during exercise
Unperfused capillaries are recruited during exercise
Previously perfused vessels are distended during exercise
Factors that dilate the pulmonary arteries are released by the endothelium during exercise
All of the above
Exposure of a cow to the hypoxia of high altitude
A twofold increase in pulmonary blood flow
Stimulation of the vagus nerve in a sheep
Inhalation of a tidal volume in a horse
None of the above
Receives the total output of the right ventricle
Drains into the pulmonary circulation and azygos vein
Vasoconstricts in response to hypoxia
Supplies nutrient blood flow only to bronchi and no other structures
Has a bronchial aterial pressure of the same magnitude as pulmonary arterial pressure
Within the lung, as would be predicted by the action of gravity
Primarily to the ventral part of the lung during exercise
So that the dorsal-caudal regions of the lung receive the most blood flow
Uniformly among alveoli
Uniformly when the animal is anesthetized
It receives the total output of the right ventricle, except under conditions of alveolar hypoxia, when vasoconstriction reduces pulmonary blood flow
The medial layer of the main pulmonary arteries is composed of a thick layer of smooth muscle
The pulmonary veins return blood to the right atrium
Unlike systemic capillaries, the pulmonary capillaries provide a large percentage of the total resistance to blood flow
All of the above
Increasing PAO2 from 100 to 500 mmHg
Perfusing previously unperfused pulmonary capillaries
Decreasing the mixed venous oxygen tension from 40 to 10 mmHg
Destruction of alveolar septa and pulmonary capillaries by a disease known as alveolar emphysema
None of the above
An increase in the velocity of capillary blood flow
An increase in the surface area for gas diffusion between tissues and blood
A decrease in distance between tissue capillaries
Maintenance of tissue PO2 in the presence of increased demand for oxygen
A shorter distance for gas diffusion
Atelectasis of one lobe of a dog lung
Obstruction of both pulmonary arteries
Doubling the ventilation to the right cranial lobe while its blood flow remains the same
Vasoconstriction of the pulmonary arteries of the left lung in a cow
None of the above
Right-to-left shunts represent an extremely high V/Q ratio
Right-to-left shunts are not a cause of elevated alveolar-arterial find difference
An increase in the alveolar dead-space can result from an increase in the number of high V/Q units in the lung
The shape of the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve means that low V/Q units in the lung are not a cause of hypoxemia (low PaO2)
Totally occluding the right pulmonary artery increases the right-to-left shunt fraction by 50%
Right-to-left shunt through a complex cardiac defect
Alveolar hyperventilation
A large number of alveoli with high V/Q ratios
Alveolar hypoventilation
None of the above
13. .